Glorious Revolution: Difference between revisions
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1688/1689 | 1688/1689. | ||
Triggered by the policies of [[James II]]. The [[Catholicism|Catholic]] king tried to recatholicise the country. When James's second wife, Maria of Modena, bore a son June 1688 and with this there were serious chances of a Catholic dynasty, five [[Whigs]] and two [[Tories|Tory]] politicians (the "immortal seven") asked [[William III|William of Orange]], James's son-in-law and Stadholder of Holland for intervention in order to restore England's "ancient rights and liberties". | |||
William assembled a fleet four times the size of the Spanish Armada and landed in Brixham/England on 5 November 1688. Immediately he began marching towards London. | William assembled a fleet four times the size of the [[Armada|Spanish Armada]] and landed in Brixham/England on [[5 November]] 1688. Immediately he began marching towards London. | ||
William's advance and the fading support among the English forced James to flee to France | William's advance and the fading support among the English forced James to flee to France. This was interpreted as him leaving the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland vacant. In April 1689, the [[The Convention Parliament (1660)|Convention Parliament]] decided to offer both thrones to William and [[Mary II|Mary]], who were instantly crowned. | ||
James, however, still felt as legitimate monarch and in March 1689 tried to regain his power. Together with a small French force, James landed in Kinsale. After proceeding to Dublin, he called the Patriot Parliament as base support for his re-conquest. | |||
William reacted by sending a large army of continental soldiers that entered a series of battles, which was subsequently ended by the treaty of Limerick after William's decisive victories at the [[The Battle of the Boyne|Boyne]] (July 1690) and Aughrim (September 1691). The defeat of the [[Jacobites]] rendered the Glorious Revolution successful. | |||
== Sources == | |||
Hall, Simon, Haywood, John, ''The Penguin Atlas of British and Irish History''. London [et al.]: Penguin Books, 2001. | |||
Latest revision as of 16:50, 8 January 2018
1688/1689.
Triggered by the policies of James II. The Catholic king tried to recatholicise the country. When James's second wife, Maria of Modena, bore a son June 1688 and with this there were serious chances of a Catholic dynasty, five Whigs and two Tory politicians (the "immortal seven") asked William of Orange, James's son-in-law and Stadholder of Holland for intervention in order to restore England's "ancient rights and liberties".
William assembled a fleet four times the size of the Spanish Armada and landed in Brixham/England on 5 November 1688. Immediately he began marching towards London. William's advance and the fading support among the English forced James to flee to France. This was interpreted as him leaving the thrones of England, Scotland and Ireland vacant. In April 1689, the Convention Parliament decided to offer both thrones to William and Mary, who were instantly crowned.
James, however, still felt as legitimate monarch and in March 1689 tried to regain his power. Together with a small French force, James landed in Kinsale. After proceeding to Dublin, he called the Patriot Parliament as base support for his re-conquest. William reacted by sending a large army of continental soldiers that entered a series of battles, which was subsequently ended by the treaty of Limerick after William's decisive victories at the Boyne (July 1690) and Aughrim (September 1691). The defeat of the Jacobites rendered the Glorious Revolution successful.
Sources
Hall, Simon, Haywood, John, The Penguin Atlas of British and Irish History. London [et al.]: Penguin Books, 2001.