Mary I - Revision history

WikiSysop at 10:49, 24 January 2018

2018-01-24T10:49:01Z

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	Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16 in 1553. Having been raised in the Catholic faith, she set out to undo the recent changes in religious policy and the [[Church of England]], i.e. the Edwardian shift towards Protestant forms of worship. Ironically, though, she had to use her authority as head of the Church of England (which was an abomination to every good Catholic) to lead England back on the path of Rome. What is more, she could not turn back the hands of time in every respect. For example, the church land that Henry VIII had confiscated by closing the English monasteries had long since been sold to or bestowed upon loyal noblemen, who were not inclined to give it back.		Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16 in 1553. Having been raised in the Catholic faith, she set out to undo the recent changes in religious policy and the [[Church of England]], i.e. the Edwardian shift towards Protestant forms of worship. Ironically, though, she had to use her authority as head of the Church of England (which was an abomination to every good Catholic) to lead England back on the path of Rome. What is more, she could not turn back the hands of time in every respect. For example, the church land that Henry VIII had confiscated by closing the English monasteries had long since been sold to or bestowed upon loyal noblemen, who were not inclined to give it back.

	Forging an international Catholic alliance, Mary married Philip, the Prince of Spain (later Philip II), in 1554. Parliament was not amused and insisted upon a safety measure: if Mary should die before Philip, the Habsburg ruler would not become King of England on his own. The dynastic marriage remained without children, although Mary experienced several imagined pregnancies - a testimony to the immense psychological pressure to produce an heir. As rulers of two countries, the couple were separated most of the time: Mary stayed in her realm in England; Philip stayed in his realm in Spain.		Forging an international Catholic alliance, Mary married Philip, the Prince of Spain (later Philip II), in 1554. [[Parliament]] was not amused and insisted upon a safety measure: if Mary should die before Philip, the Habsburg ruler would not become King of England on his own. The dynastic marriage remained without children, although Mary experienced several imagined pregnancies - a testimony to the immense psychological pressure to produce an heir. As rulers of two countries, the couple were separated most of the time: Mary stayed in her realm in England; Philip stayed in his realm in Spain.

	Mary earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" for her attempts to re-catholicise England by force. About 300 Protestants were executed during her reign. The Marian prosecutions and also Mary's marriage with Philip II of Spain made her rather unpopular with the English people. It did not help that England was dragged into a war with France and lost its last foothold on the Continent, the town of Calais.		Mary earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" for her attempts to re-catholicise England by force. About 300 Protestants were executed during her reign. The Marian prosecutions and also Mary's marriage with Philip II of Spain made her rather unpopular with the English people. It did not help that England was dragged into a war with France and lost its last foothold on the Continent, the town of Calais.

WikiSysop at 12:54, 7 November 2012

2012-11-07T12:54:37Z

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	1516-1558~~, daughter~~ of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".		1516-1558. Queen of England and Ireland (1553-1558). Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome, but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]". Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].
	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].

	Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16 in ~~1558~~. ~~Mary's devotion~~ to ~~Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philip II~~ of ~~Spain~~, ~~a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism~~. ~~The dynastic marriage remained without children~~. ~~Not surprising for rulers~~ of ~~two countries~~, the ~~couple were separated most~~ of the time~~: Mary staid~~ in ~~her realm in England; Philip staid in his realm in Spain~~.		Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16 in 1553. Having been raised in the Catholic faith, she set out to undo the recent changes in religious policy and the [[Church of England]], i.e. the Edwardian shift towards Protestant forms of worship. Ironically, though, she had to use her authority as head of the Church of England (which was an abomination to every good Catholic) to lead England back on the path of Rome. What is more, she could not turn back the hands of time in every respect. For example, the church land that Henry VIII had confiscated by closing the English monasteries had long since been sold to or bestowed upon loyal noblemen, who were not inclined to give it back.

	Mary ~~earned~~ the ~~nickname "Bloody~~ Mary~~" for her attempts~~ to ~~re-Catholicize England~~. ~~During her reign about 300 Protestants~~ were ~~executed. These prosecutions and also~~ her ~~marriage with King~~ Philip ~~II of~~ Spain ~~made her rather unpopular with the English people~~.		Forging an international Catholic alliance, Mary married Philip, the Prince of Spain (later Philip II), in 1554. Parliament was not amused and insisted upon a safety measure: if Mary should die before Philip, the Habsburg ruler would not become King of England on his own. The dynastic marriage remained without children, although Mary experienced several imagined pregnancies - a testimony to the immense psychological pressure to produce an heir. As rulers of two countries, the couple were separated most of the time: Mary stayed in her realm in England; Philip stayed in his realm in Spain.

	Mary ~~experienced more sorrows when~~ England lost its last ~~bastion in France –~~ Calais.		Mary earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" for her attempts to re-catholicise England by force. About 300 Protestants were executed during her reign. The Marian prosecutions and also Mary's marriage with Philip II of Spain made her rather unpopular with the English people. It did not help that England was dragged into a war with France and lost its last foothold on the Continent, the town of Calais.
	~~She~~ died on November ~~17,~~ 1558~~, shortly after this loss~~.
	Shortly before her death she was reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen [[Elizabeth I]], who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.		Mary died on 17 November 1558. Shortly before her death she was reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen [[Elizabeth I]], who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.

	== Sources ==		== Sources ==
	* Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen. Großbritannien''. Nyon: Media Books, 1976.		* Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen. Großbritannien''. Nyon: Media Books, 1976.
	* Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.		* Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.

Pankratz at 10:37, 25 October 2012

2012-10-25T10:37:56Z

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	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].		Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].

	Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16~~, having reiged from 1553 to~~ 1558. Mary's devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philip II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. ~~However, their~~ marriage ~~was not a very happy one since Philip did not seem to feel love and affection towards his Queen~~. ~~Apart from that~~, the ~~marriage remained without children and Philip went back to Spain and left~~ Mary ~~alone~~ in England ~~[this was nothing uncommon. Marrying for love was a concept that most people did not believe~~ in~~, least of all monarchs who married for political and dynastic reasons]~~.		Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16 in 1558. Mary's devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philip II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. The dynastic marriage remained without children. Not surprising for rulers of two countries, the couple were separated most of the time: Mary staid in her realm in England; Philip staid in his realm in Spain.

	~~Her~~ nickname ''Bloody Mary~~'' came into existence because of the prosecutions and executions of~~ about 300 Protestants ~~during her reign~~. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King Philip II of Spain made her ~~even more~~ unpopular with the English people.		Mary earned the nickname "Bloody Mary" for her attempts to re-Catholicize England. During her reign about 300 Protestants were executed. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King Philip II of Spain made her rather unpopular with the English people.

	Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.		Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.

WikiSysop at 23:17, 13 May 2010

2010-05-13T23:17:26Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 13 May 2010
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	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].		Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].

			Mary became Queen after her brother [[Edward VI\|Edward]] had died at the age of 16, having reiged from 1553 to 1558. Mary's devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philip II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. However, their marriage was not a very happy one since Philip did not seem to feel love and affection towards his Queen. Apart from that, the marriage remained without children and Philip went back to Spain and left Mary alone in England [this was nothing uncommon. Marrying for love was a concept that most people did not believe in, least of all monarchs who married for political and dynastic reasons].

	Mary became Queen after her brother Edward had died at the age of 16, reigning from 1553 to 1558. Her devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philipp II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. However, their marriage was not a very happy one since Philipp did not seem to feel love and affection towards his Queen. Apart from that, the marriage remained without children and Philipp went back to Spain and left Mary alone in England [this was nothing uncommon. Marrying for love was a concept that most people did not believe in, least of all monarchs who married for political and dynastic reasons].		Her nickname ''Bloody Mary'' came into existence because of the prosecutions and executions of about 300 Protestants during her reign. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King Philip II of Spain made her even more unpopular with the English people.

	Her nickname ''Bloody Mary'' came into existence because of the prosecutions and executions of about 300 Protestants during her reign. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King ~~Philipp~~ II of Spain made her even more unpopular with the English people.

	Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.		Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.
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	Shortly before her death she was reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen [[Elizabeth I]], who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.		Shortly before her death she was reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen [[Elizabeth I]], who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.

			== Sources ==
			* Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen. Großbritannien''. Nyon: Media Books, 1976.
			* Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.
	~~'''~~Sources~~'''~~

	Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen. Großbritannien''. Nyon: Media Books, 1976.

	Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.

Pankratz at 14:55, 28 April 2010

2010-04-28T14:55:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:55, 28 April 2010
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	Mary became Queen after her brother Edward had died at the age of 16~~. Her reign lasted~~ from 1553 to 1558. ~~In contrast to her brother Edward, Mary believed in the Catholic faith and not in Protestantism.~~		Mary became Queen after her brother Edward had died at the age of 16, reigning from 1553 to 1558. Her devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philipp II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. However, their marriage was not a very happy one since Philipp did not seem to feel love and affection towards his Queen. Apart from that, the marriage remained without children and Philipp went back to Spain and left Mary alone in England [this was nothing uncommon. Marrying for love was a concept that most people did not believe in, least of all monarchs who married for political and dynastic reasons].

	Her devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philipp II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. However, their marriage was not a very happy one since Philipp did not seem to feel love and affection towards his Queen. Apart from that, the marriage remained without children and Philipp went back to Spain and left Mary alone in England.

	Her nickname ''Bloody Mary'' came into existence because of the prosecutions and executions of about 300 Protestants during her reign. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King Philipp II of Spain made her even more unpopular with the English people.		Her nickname ''Bloody Mary'' came into existence because of the prosecutions and executions of about 300 Protestants during her reign. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King Philipp II of Spain made her even more unpopular with the English people.

	Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.		Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.
	She died on ~~Novermber~~ 17, 1558, shortly after this loss.		She died on November 17, 1558, shortly after this loss.
	Shortly before her death she ~~also~~ reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen Elizabeth I, who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.		Shortly before her death she was reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen [[Elizabeth I]], who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.

Julia at 18:51, 27 April 2010

2010-04-27T18:51:15Z

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	'''Sources'''		'''Sources'''

	Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen~~''''~~. Großbritannien.'' Nyon: Media Books, 1976.		Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen. Großbritannien''. Nyon: Media Books, 1976.

	Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.		Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.

Julia at 18:48, 27 April 2010

2010-04-27T18:48:23Z

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	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].		Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].

	~~[[Category~~:~~Expansion]]~~
			Mary became Queen after her brother Edward had died at the age of 16. Her reign lasted from 1553 to 1558. In contrast to her brother Edward, Mary believed in the Catholic faith and not in Protestantism.

			Her devotion to Catholicism was even more emphasized when she married King Philipp II of Spain, a ruler strongly believing in Catholicism. However, their marriage was not a very happy one since Philipp did not seem to feel love and affection towards his Queen. Apart from that, the marriage remained without children and Philipp went back to Spain and left Mary alone in England.

			Her nickname ''Bloody Mary'' came into existence because of the prosecutions and executions of about 300 Protestants during her reign. These prosecutions and also her marriage with King Philipp II of Spain made her even more unpopular with the English people.

			Mary experienced more sorrows when England lost its last bastion in France – Calais.
			She died on Novermber 17, 1558, shortly after this loss.
			Shortly before her death she also reconciled with her sister Elizabeth, later Queen Elizabeth I, who she had considered one of her adversaries earlier.




			'''Sources'''

			Mountfield, David. ''Kleine Geschichte Großer Nationen''''. Großbritannien.'' Nyon: Media Books, 1976.

			Williams, Brenda and Brian. ''Kings & Queens''. Andover: Jarrold Publishing, 2007.

WikiSysop at 12:07, 19 April 2010

2010-04-19T12:07:06Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:07, 19 April 2010
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	1516-1558, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".		1516-1558, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".
	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].		Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].

			[[Category:Expansion]]

WikiSysop at 21:21, 15 January 2009

2009-01-15T21:21:25Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:21, 15 January 2009
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	1516-1558, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".		1516-1558, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".
	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary Queen of Scots]].		Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary, Queen of Scots\|Mary Queen of Scots]].

WikiSysop at 21:21, 15 January 2009

2009-01-15T21:21:00Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:21, 15 January 2009
Line 1:		Line 1:
	1516-1558, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".		1516-1558, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Catherine of Aragon]]. Devout Catholic who wanted to save her country from the eternal sin of leaving the Church of Rome but could not convince her subjects of the benefits of [[Catholicism]]. Also known as "Mary Tudor" or "[[Bloody Mary]]".
	Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, Mary Queen of Scots.		Not to be confused with the other Catholic Mary, [[Mary Queen of Scots]].