Louise de Querouaille - Revision history

Annabue at 11:40, 14 January 2023

2023-01-14T11:40:23Z

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	September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield (Ferguson ~~2016,~~ 31). Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>		September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield (Ferguson 31). Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>

	=== French Origin ===		=== French Origin ===
	Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later ~~rumored~~ to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfil her task of being a Trojan horse (~~cf.~~ Fraser ~~2011,~~ 313).		Louise was born in France, the daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later rumoured to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfil her task of being a Trojan horse (Fraser 313).
	Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess intensified the established future of Anglo-French alliance (~~cf.~~ Melo ~~2022,~~ 63). At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne” (Fraser ~~2011,~~ 311). <br>		Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess intensified the established future of the Anglo-French alliance (Melo 63). At the French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne” (Fraser 311). <br>

	=== Mistress to Charles II ===		=== Mistress to Charles II ===
	Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670 and she first met Charles at Dover. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king (Fraser ~~2011,~~ 311). She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall (ibid., 313). When his sister died, the king made Louise de ~~Querouaille~~ “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]] (~~cf.~~ Ferguson ~~2016,~~ 15). Charles called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby (~~cf.~~ Fraser ~~2011,~~ 224). She is described as “very classically beautiful” (~~cf.~~ Ferguson ~~2016,~~ 18). <br>		Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670 and she first met Charles at Dover. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king (Fraser 311). She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall (ibid., 313). When his sister died, the king made Louise de Quérouaille “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]] (Ferguson 15). Charles called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby (Fraser 224). She is described as “very classically beautiful” (Ferguson 18). <br>

	The son of de ~~Querouaille~~ and Charles was named Charles Lennox. He was made [[Duke of Richmond]] (~~cf.~~ Ferguson ~~2016,~~ 31). Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money (~~cf.~~ Fraser ~~2011,~~ 312). Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. She had a rather large income (~~cf.~~ ibid., ~~327~~). Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. (~~cf. ibid.,~~ 313) <br>		The son of de Quérouaille and Charles was named Charles Lennox (("Louise-Renée de Kéroualle, duchess of Portsmouth"). He was made [[Duke of Richmond]] (Ferguson 31). Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money (Fraser 312). Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. She had a rather large income (ibid. 327), and it was rumoured that she made more than £10,000 per year ("Louise-Renée de Kéroualle, duchess of Portsmouth"). Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. (Fraser 313) <br>

	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested (~~cf.~~ ibid., 311). She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival (~~cf.~~ ibid., 312). The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's favour (~~cf.~~ ibid., 311). She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity meaning that her company was pleasant for others (~~cf.~~ Ferguson ~~2016,~~ 22). Charles was also amused by “[her] aura of charming domesticity” (Fraser ~~2011,~~ 313).		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested (ibid. 311). She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival (ibid. 312). The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's favour (ibid. 311). She was different from other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity meaning that her company was pleasant for others (Ferguson 22). Charles was also amused by “[her] aura of charming domesticity” (Fraser 313).
	Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed ~~being~~ a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]] (~~cf.~~ Fraser ~~2011,~~ 313). She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years” (ibid., 273). After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France (~~cf.~~ ibid., 456). <br>		Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed to be a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]] (Fraser 313). She stayed with him until his death, consequently, she is described as the “mistress of his declining years” (ibid. 273) After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France (ibid. 456). <br>

	In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen (~~cf.~~ Ferguson ~~2016,~~ 25). Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed (~~cf.~~ Fraser ~~2011,~~ 410). <br>		In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen (Ferguson 25). Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed (Fraser 410). <br>

	=== '''References''' ===		=== '''References''' ===

	* Abbott, Wilbur C. “The Long Parliament of Charles II (Continued).” The English Historical Review, vol. 21, no. 81, 1906, pp. 21–56. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/549415. Accessed 21 Nov. 2022.		* Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Louise-Renée de Kéroualle, duchess of Portsmouth". Encyclopedia Britannica, 10 Nov. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louise-Renee-de-Keroualle-Duchess-of-Portsmouth. Accessed 21 Nov. 2022.
	* Britannica, The Editors of Encyclopaedia. "Louise-Renée de Kéroualle, duchess of Portsmouth". Encyclopedia Britannica, 10 Nov. 2022, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Louise-Renee-de-Keroualle-Duchess-of-Portsmouth. Accessed 21 ~~November~~ 2022.		* Ferguson, Abbey. “The Power of Erotic Capital in the Courts of Charles II and Louis XIV.” 2016. Accessed 21 Nov. 2022.
	* Ferguson, Abbey. ~~"THE UNCROWNED QUEENS~~.~~" (~~2016). ~~https://ec~~.~~msvu.ca/server/api/core/bitstreams/013f446f-4f42-4ce7-b510-2bb565d984b1/content~~.
	* Fraser, Antonia. King Charles II. Hachette UK, 2011.		* Fraser, Antonia. King Charles II. Hachette UK, 2011.
	* Melo, João Vicente. “Catherine of Braganza (1638–1705).” Lives in Transit in Early Modern England: Identity and Belonging, edited by Nandini Das, Amsterdam University Press, 2022, pp. 61–68. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2fzkpnj.12. Accessed 21 Nov. 2022.		* Melo, João Vicente. “Catherine of Braganza (1638–1705).” Lives in Transit in Early Modern England: Identity and Belonging, edited by Nandini Das, Amsterdam University Press, 2022, pp. 61–68. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2fzkpnj.12. Accessed 21 Nov. 2022.

Annabue at 16:33, 13 January 2023

2023-01-13T16:33:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 13 January 2023
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	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested (cf. ibid., 311). She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival (cf. ibid., 312). The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's favour (cf. ibid., 311). She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity meaning that her company was pleasant for others (cf. Ferguson 2016, 22). Charles was also amused by “[her] aura of charming domesticity” (Fraser 2011, 313).		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested (cf. ibid., 311). She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival (cf. ibid., 312). The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's favour (cf. ibid., 311). She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity meaning that her company was pleasant for others (cf. Ferguson 2016, 22). Charles was also amused by “[her] aura of charming domesticity” (Fraser 2011, 313).
	Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]] (cf. Fraser 2011, 313). She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years” (ibid., 273) After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France (cf. ibid., 456). <br>		Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]] (cf. Fraser 2011, 313). She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years” (ibid., 273). After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France (cf. ibid., 456). <br>

	In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen (cf. Ferguson 2016, 25). Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed (cf. Fraser 2011, 410). <br>		In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen (cf. Ferguson 2016, 25). Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed (cf. Fraser 2011, 410). <br>

Annabue at 16:33, 13 January 2023

2023-01-13T16:33:12Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:33, 13 January 2023
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	September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield. Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>		September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield (Ferguson 2016, 31). Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>

	=== French Origin ===		=== French Origin ===
	Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later rumored to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t ~~fulfill~~ her task of being a Trojan horse.		Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later rumored to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfil her task of being a Trojan horse (cf. Fraser 2011, 313).
	Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess established ~~the ground~~ of ~~future~~ Anglo-French alliance ~~[really? the mother of Charles was French~~, ~~his sister was married in France. The claim that it was Querouaille who helped forge alliances has to be justified]~~. At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne”. <br>		Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess intensified the established future of Anglo-French alliance (cf. Melo 2022, 63). At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne” (Fraser 2011, 311). <br>

	=== Mistress to Charles II ===		=== Mistress to Charles II ===
	Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king~~. She first met Charles at Dover in 1672 [chronology somehow not correct]~~. She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall ~~[chronology still not correct]~~. When his sister died, the king made Louise de Querouaille “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]]. ~~Charles claimed that he was not attracted to her [why did she become his mistress~~, ~~then?]~~. He called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby. She ~~also had a heart-shaped face~~, ~~a small mouth, a long nose and was not regarded as sexually attractive [sources?]~~. <br>		Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670 and she first met Charles at Dover. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king (Fraser 2011, 311). She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall (ibid., 313). When his sister died, the king made Louise de Querouaille “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]] (cf. Ferguson 2016, 15). Charles called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby (cf. Fraser 2011, 224). She is described as “very classically beautiful” (cf. Ferguson 2016, 18). <br>

	The son of de Querouaille and Charles was named Charles Lennox. He was made [[Duke of Richmond]]. Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. ~~It is rumored that she made more than £10~~,~~000 per year [source?]~~. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>		The son of de Querouaille and Charles was named Charles Lennox. He was made [[Duke of Richmond]] (cf. Ferguson 2016, 31). Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money (cf. Fraser 2011, 312). Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. She had a rather large income (cf. ibid., 327). Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. (cf. ibid., 313) <br>

	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested ~~[sources?]~~. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's ~~favor [source?]~~. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity [~~what?! source?~~].		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested (cf. ibid., 311). She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival (cf. ibid., 312). The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's favour (cf. ibid., 311). She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity meaning that her company was pleasant for others (cf. Ferguson 2016, 22). Charles was also amused by “[her] aura of charming domesticity” (Fraser 2011, 313).
	Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years” ~~[source?]~~. After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France. <br>		Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]] (cf. Fraser 2011, 313). She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years” (ibid., 273) After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France (cf. ibid., 456). <br>

	In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed. <br>		In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen (cf. Ferguson 2016, 25). Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed (cf. Fraser 2011, 410). <br>

	=== '''References''' ===		=== '''References''' ===

Pankratz: /* French Origin */

2023-01-04T20:40:14Z

French Origin

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:40, 4 January 2023
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	September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield. Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>		September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield. Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>

	=== ~~'''~~French Origin~~'''~~ ===		=== French Origin ===
	Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later rumored to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfill her task of being a Trojan horse.		Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later rumored to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfill her task of being a Trojan horse.
	Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess established the ground of future Anglo-French alliance [really? the mother of Charles was French, his sister was married in France. The claim that it was Querouaille who helped forge alliances has to be justified]. At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne”. <br>		Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess established the ground of future Anglo-French alliance [really? the mother of Charles was French, his sister was married in France. The claim that it was Querouaille who helped forge alliances has to be justified]. At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne”. <br>

	=== Mistress to Charles II ===		=== Mistress to Charles II ===
	Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king. She first met Charles at Dover in 1672 [chronology somehow not correct]. She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall [chronology still not correct]. When his sister died, the king made Louise de Querouaille “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]]. Charles claimed that he was not attracted to her [why did she become his mistress, then?]. He called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby. She also had a heart-shaped face, a small mouth, a long nose and was not regarded as sexually attractive [sources?]. <br>		Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king. She first met Charles at Dover in 1672 [chronology somehow not correct]. She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall [chronology still not correct]. When his sister died, the king made Louise de Querouaille “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]]. Charles claimed that he was not attracted to her [why did she become his mistress, then?]. He called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby. She also had a heart-shaped face, a small mouth, a long nose and was not regarded as sexually attractive [sources?]. <br>

Pankratz at 20:39, 4 January 2023

2023-01-04T20:39:59Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:39, 4 January 2023
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	~~'''~~Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle~~''' was born in September 1649 (Brittany, France) and died on the 14th of November 1739 (Paris, France)~~. ~~She was made~~ Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield ~~in 1673 and was a mistress~~ of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>		September 1649 (Britanny) - 14 November 1739 (Paris). Full name: Louise Renée de Penancoët de Quérouaille/Kérouaille/Kéroualle. Duchess of Portsmouth, Countess of Fareham and Lady Petersfield. Mistress of [[Charles II]] of England. <br>

	=== '''French Origin''' ===		=== '''French Origin''' ===
	Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle ~~and~~ was rumored to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfill her task of being a Trojan horse.		Louise was born in France, daughter of Guillaume de Penancoët, Sieur de Kéroualle. Because of this, she was later rumored to be a French spy. Although [[Louis XIV]] might have thought of her as a weapon, she didn’t fulfill her task of being a Trojan horse.
	Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at English court. By becoming a mistress to [[Charles II]], the duchess established the ground of future Anglo-French alliance. At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne”. <br>		Overall, the French authorities supported the affair with [[Charles II]]. She had a great Francophile influence at the English court. By becoming a mistress to Charles II, the duchess established the ground of future Anglo-French alliance [really? the mother of Charles was French, his sister was married in France. The claim that it was Querouaille who helped forge alliances has to be justified]. At French court, she was named “La Belle Bretonne”. <br>
	=== ~~'''Beginning of becoming a mistress~~ to Charles II~~'''~~ ===		=== Mistress to Charles II ===
	Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart in 1668. She had accompanied her~~, the king’s sister who also was the sister-~~in~~-law of [[Louis XIV]], to~~ England in 1670. She first met Charles ~~in his sister’s train~~ at Dover in 1672. When his sister died, the king made ~~her his~~ “lady-in-waiting” ~~for~~ his wife ~~Catharine~~ of Braganza ~~whom he had married in 1662~~. [[Charles ~~II]]~~ claimed that he was not attracted to her. He called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby. She also had a heart-shaped face, a small mouth, a long nose and was not regarded as sexually attractive~~. <br>~~		Louise was a maid in the household of Henriette Anne Stuart, the King's sister, in 1668. She had accompanied her to England in 1670. She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king. She first met Charles at Dover in 1672 [chronology somehow not correct]. She gave birth to a son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall [chronology still not correct]. When his sister died, the king made Louise de Querouaille “lady-in-waiting” of his wife [[Catherine of Braganza]]. Charles claimed that he was not attracted to her [why did she become his mistress, then?]. He called her “Fubbs” which means plump or chubby. She also had a heart-shaped face, a small mouth, a long nose and was not regarded as sexually attractive [sources?]. <br>
	~~=== '''Being a mistress to Charles II.''' ===~~
	She arrived at court in England in 1670 and lost her virginity to the king. She gave birth to her son in July 1672 after the seduction in October 1671 at Euston Hall. He was named Charles Lennox and was one of the last official bastards. Furthermore, he was made [[~~Duke of Richmond]~~]. <br>

	Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>		The son of de Querouaille and Charles was named Charles Lennox. He was made [[Duke of Richmond]]. Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year [source?]. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>

	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing ~~Kings~~ favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested [sources?]. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing the King's favor [source?]. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity [what?! source?].
	[[Charles II]] was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After King's death on ~~the 6th of~~ February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>		Charles II was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years” [source?]. After the King's death on 6 February 1685, she went back to France. <br>

	~~=== '''Relationship with Catherine of Braganza''' ===~~		In contrast to Barbara Palmer, the Duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, Catherine of Braganza protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed. <br>
	~~As opposed~~ to Barbara Palmer, the ~~duchess~~ was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, [[Catherine of Braganza]] protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed~~. <br>~~

	~~=== '''Catholicism''' ===~~

	Louise was [[Catholic]]. Her behavior towards the King and Queen is rumored to be politically motivated since she entered the court during a difficult period between Protestants and Catholics. Although [[Charles II]] was personally tolerant towards Catholics, it was different as King. The choice of a new Catholic mistress was not fortunate. Additionally, she was French which worried the people of England. <br>

	=== '''References''' ===		=== '''References''' ===

Annabue: /* Relationship with Catherine of Braganza */

2022-12-23T17:30:58Z

Relationship with Catherine of Braganza

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:30, 23 December 2022
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	[[Charles II]] was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After King's death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>		[[Charles II]] was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After King's death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>

	=== '''Relationship with [[Catherine of Braganza]]''' ===		=== '''Relationship with Catherine of Braganza''' ===
	As opposed to Barbara Palmer, the duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, [[Catherine of Braganza]] protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed. <br>		As opposed to Barbara Palmer, the duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, [[Catherine of Braganza]] protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed. <br>

Annabue at 17:30, 23 December 2022

2022-12-23T17:30:43Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:30, 23 December 2022
Line 14:		Line 14:
	[[Charles II]] was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After King's death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>		[[Charles II]] was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After King's death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>

	=== '''Relationship with ~~Catharine~~ of Braganza''' ===		=== '''Relationship with [[Catherine of Braganza]]''' ===
	As opposed to Barbara Palmer, the duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, ~~Catharine~~ protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed. <br>		As opposed to Barbara Palmer, the duchess was purposefully very respectful to the Queen. Hence, [[Catherine of Braganza]] protected her from the Test Act of 1678. The Queen put her name on a list of people who should not be harmed. <br>

	=== '''Catholicism''' ===		=== '''Catholicism''' ===

Annabue at 17:29, 23 December 2022

2022-12-23T17:29:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:29, 23 December 2022
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	Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>		Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>

	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing ~~Charles’~~ favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing Kings favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.
	Charles was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After ~~Charles’~~ death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>		[[Charles II]] was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After King's death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>

	=== '''Relationship with Catharine of Braganza''' ===		=== '''Relationship with Catharine of Braganza''' ===

Annabue at 17:28, 23 December 2022

2022-12-23T17:28:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:28, 23 December 2022
Line 11:		Line 11:
	Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>		Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>

	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell ~~Gwynn~~]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing Charles’ favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwyn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing Charles’ favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.
	Charles was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After Charles’ death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>		Charles was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After Charles’ death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>

Annabue at 17:28, 23 December 2022

2022-12-23T17:28:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:28, 23 December 2022
Line 11:		Line 11:
	Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>		Since she grew up with poor parents, she recognized the importance of money. Louise even manipulated [[Danby]] to sign documents to make her son gain precedence over another mistress, [[Barbara Palmer]]. It is rumored that she made more than £10,000 per year. Additionally, she was given a total of 24 rooms and 16 garrets. <br>

	Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[~~Nelly~~ Gwynn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing Charles’ favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.		Louise wanted to marry the king to make her son the heir of the king, but he was not interested. She was associated with tears and hysterics and called “weeping willow” or “Squintabella” by [[Nell Gwynn]] who happened to be her rival. The Duchess of Portsmouth was a manipulator: she threatened suicide to avoid losing Charles’ favor. She was different to other mistresses because of her finesse and domesticity.
	Charles was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After Charles’ death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>		Charles was not a romantic, he was rather looking for a confidante which is the reason why she failed being a Trojan horse to [[Louis XIV]]. She stayed with him until his death, consequently she is described as “mistress of his declining years”. After Charles’ death on the 6th of February of 1685, she went back to France. <br>