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	<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Elizabeth_I</id>
	<title>Elizabeth I - Revision history</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Elizabeth_I"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-05-11T22:57:17Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Revision history for this page on the wiki</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=12042&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>WikiSysop at 10:50, 24 January 2018</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=12042&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2018-01-24T10:50:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 10:50, 24 January 2018&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, Tudor, queen of England (1558-1603). Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without direct heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, Tudor, queen of England (1558-1603). Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without direct heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;Tower of London&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/ins&gt;and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England; the official coronation ceremony took place on January 15 1559. (The coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.) 1559 was also a decisive year in the process that came to be known as the [[Protestant Settlement]]: Parliament passed the [[Acts of Supremacy|Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]; the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England; the official coronation ceremony took place on January 15 1559. (The coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.) 1559 was also a decisive year in the process that came to be known as the [[Protestant Settlement]]: Parliament passed the [[Acts of Supremacy|Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]; the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l9&quot;&gt;Line 9:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 9:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&amp;#039;s reign did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won the battle against the [[Armada]]. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&amp;#039;s power. The so-called &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Armada Portrait&amp;#039;&amp;#039; shows the Queen in a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls, i.e. fruits of the sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. Spanish oversea territory. Making a similar point, the Armada Medal bears the inscription, &amp;quot;Afflavit Deus et dissipati sunt&amp;quot;, &amp;#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered.&amp;#039; Thus, the victory was said to confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as [[Protestantism|Protestants]] throughout Europe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&amp;#039;s reign did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won the battle against the [[Armada]]. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&amp;#039;s power. The so-called &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Armada Portrait&amp;#039;&amp;#039; shows the Queen in a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls, i.e. fruits of the sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. Spanish oversea territory. Making a similar point, the Armada Medal bears the inscription, &amp;quot;Afflavit Deus et dissipati sunt&amp;quot;, &amp;#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered.&amp;#039; Thus, the victory was said to confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as [[Protestantism|Protestants]] throughout Europe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the Virgin Queen due to the fact that she never married or had any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors, and there were rumours about a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who, in the popular contemporary version seems to resemble Joseph Fiennes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the Virgin Queen due to the fact that she never married or had any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors, and there were rumours about a romantic relationship with Sir &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;Robert Dudley&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;, Earl of Leicester, who, in the popular contemporary version seems to resemble Joseph Fiennes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Queen Elizabeth died on March 24 1603, and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Queen Elizabeth died on March 24 1603, and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=11630&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>WikiSysop at 15:01, 8 November 2017</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=11630&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2017-11-08T15:01:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 15:01, 8 November 2017&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England; the official coronation ceremony took place on January 15 1559. (The coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.) 1559 was also a decisive year in the process that came to be known as the [[Protestant Settlement]]: Parliament passed the [[Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]; the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England; the official coronation ceremony took place on January 15 1559. (The coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.) 1559 was also a decisive year in the process that came to be known as the [[Protestant Settlement]]: Parliament passed the [[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Acts of Supremacy|&lt;/ins&gt;Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]; the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;There were several Catholic conspiracies against Elizabeth ([[Ridolfi Plot]], [[Babington Plot]]), many of which focussed on [[Mary, Queen of Scots|Mary Stuart]], the former Queen of Scotland. As Elizabeth&#039;s closest living relative, she would be the next Queen of England. Catholics might even argue that she already was, since Elizabeth was a bastard child - born while Henry was legally married to [[Catherine of Aragon]] because only the Pope could have annulled that marriage. Having been kept under arrest for 19 years, Mary Stuart was executed on February 8 1587.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;There were several &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Catholicism|&lt;/ins&gt;Catholic&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/ins&gt;conspiracies against Elizabeth ([[Ridolfi Plot]], [[Babington Plot]]), many of which focussed on [[Mary, Queen of Scots|Mary Stuart]], the former Queen of Scotland. As Elizabeth&#039;s closest living relative, she would be the next Queen of England. Catholics might even argue that she already was, since Elizabeth was a bastard child - born while Henry was legally married to [[Catherine of Aragon]] because only the Pope could have annulled that marriage. Having been kept under arrest for 19 years, Mary Stuart was executed on February 8 1587.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&#039;s reign did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won the battle against the [[Armada]]. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&#039;s power. The so-called &#039;&#039;Armada Portrait&#039;&#039; shows the Queen in a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls, i.e. fruits of the sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. Spanish oversea territory. Making a similar point, the Armada Medal bears the inscription, &quot;Afflavit Deus et dissipati sunt&quot;, &#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered.&#039; Thus, the victory was said to confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as Protestants throughout Europe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&#039;s reign did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won the battle against the [[Armada]]. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&#039;s power. The so-called &#039;&#039;Armada Portrait&#039;&#039; shows the Queen in a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls, i.e. fruits of the sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. Spanish oversea territory. Making a similar point, the Armada Medal bears the inscription, &quot;Afflavit Deus et dissipati sunt&quot;, &#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered.&#039; Thus, the victory was said to confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Protestantism|&lt;/ins&gt;Protestants&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]] &lt;/ins&gt;throughout Europe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the Virgin Queen due to the fact that she never married or had any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors, and there were rumours about a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who, in the popular contemporary version seems to resemble Joseph Fiennes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the Virgin Queen due to the fact that she never married or had any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors, and there were rumours about a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, who, in the popular contemporary version seems to resemble Joseph Fiennes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8567&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>WikiSysop at 23:16, 19 November 2012</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8567&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-11-19T23:16:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 23:16, 19 November 2012&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, Tudor, queen of England. Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without direct heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, Tudor, queen of England &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;(1558-1603)&lt;/ins&gt;. Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without direct heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8554&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Pankratz at 10:40, 8 November 2012</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8554&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-11-08T10:40:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 10:40, 8 November 2012&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, Tudor, queen of England. Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, Tudor, queen of England. Daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;direct &lt;/ins&gt;heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536. Later she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Pankratz</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8553&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Pankratz at 10:40, 8 November 2012</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8553&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-11-08T10:40:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 10:40, 8 November 2012&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;daughter &lt;/del&gt;of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Tudor, queen of England. Daughter &lt;/ins&gt;of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. After the death of her mother on &lt;/del&gt;May 19&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;1536&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich, on September 7 1533. Her childhood is often described as difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]] May 19 1536&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. Later &lt;/ins&gt;she lived with her stepmother [[Catherine Parr]]. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;and was from then on named Elizabeth I. The &lt;/del&gt;official coronation ceremony took place on January 15&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;1559. (The coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.) 1559 was also a decisive year in the process that came to be known as the Protestant &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;settlement&lt;/del&gt;: Parliament passed the [[Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]; the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;; the &lt;/ins&gt;official coronation ceremony took place on January 15 1559. (The coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.) 1559 was also a decisive year in the process that came to be known as the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[&lt;/ins&gt;Protestant &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Settlement]]&lt;/ins&gt;: Parliament passed the [[Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]; the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;There were several Catholic conspiracies against Elizabeth ([[Ridolfi Plot]], [[Babington Plot]]), many of which focussed on [[Mary, Queen of Scots|Mary Stuart]], the former Queen of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Scots&lt;/del&gt;. As Elizabeth&#039;s closest living relative, she would be the next Queen of England. Catholics might even argue that she already was, since Elizabeth was a bastard child - born while Henry was legally married to [[Catherine of Aragon]] because only the Pope could have annulled that marriage. Having been kept under arrest for 19 years, Mary Stuart was executed on February 8&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;1587.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;There were several Catholic conspiracies against Elizabeth ([[Ridolfi Plot]], [[Babington Plot]]), many of which focussed on [[Mary, Queen of Scots|Mary Stuart]], the former Queen of &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Scotland&lt;/ins&gt;. As Elizabeth&#039;s closest living relative, she would be the next Queen of England. Catholics might even argue that she already was, since Elizabeth was a bastard child - born while Henry was legally married to [[Catherine of Aragon]] because only the Pope could have annulled that marriage. Having been kept under arrest for 19 years, Mary Stuart was executed on February 8 1587.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&#039;s reign did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won the battle against the [[Armada]]. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&#039;s power. The so-called &#039;&#039;Armada Portrait&#039;&#039; shows the Queen in a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls, i.e. fruits of the sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. Spanish oversea territory. Making a similar point, the Armada Medal bears the inscription, &quot;Afflavit et dissipati sunt&quot;, &#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered.&#039; Thus, the victory was said to confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as Protestants throughout Europe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&#039;s reign did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won the battle against the [[Armada]]. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&#039;s power. The so-called &#039;&#039;Armada Portrait&#039;&#039; shows the Queen in a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls, i.e. fruits of the sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. Spanish oversea territory. Making a similar point, the Armada Medal bears the inscription, &quot;Afflavit &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Deus &lt;/ins&gt;et dissipati sunt&quot;, &#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered.&#039; Thus, the victory was said to confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as Protestants throughout Europe.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039;&lt;/del&gt;Virgin Queen&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039;&#039; &lt;/del&gt;due to the fact that she never married or had any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors, and there were rumours about a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the Virgin Queen due to the fact that she never married or had any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors, and there were rumours about a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, who, in the popular contemporary version seems to resemble Joseph Fiennes&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Queen Elizabeth died on March 24&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/del&gt;1603, and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Queen Elizabeth died on March 24 1603, and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sources ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sources ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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		<author><name>Pankratz</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8542&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>WikiSysop at 14:06, 7 November 2012</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=8542&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2012-11-07T14:06:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:06, 7 November 2012&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at the [[Palace of Placentia]], Greenwich&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;on September 7, 1533. Her childhood is often &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;described as &lt;/ins&gt;difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Catherine &lt;/ins&gt;Parr&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]]&lt;/ins&gt;. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;considered &lt;/del&gt;difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Katherine &lt;/del&gt;Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17, 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England and was from then on named Elizabeth I. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;However, the &lt;/del&gt;official coronation ceremony &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;only &lt;/del&gt;took place on January 15, 1559 &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[the &lt;/del&gt;coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;]&lt;/del&gt;.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17, 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England and was from then on named Elizabeth I. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The &lt;/ins&gt;official coronation ceremony took place on January 15, 1559&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. (The &lt;/ins&gt;coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;) 1559 was also a decisive year &lt;/ins&gt;in the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;process that came to be known as &lt;/ins&gt;the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Protestant settlement: Parliament passed &lt;/ins&gt;the [[Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;; &lt;/ins&gt;the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Another event &lt;/del&gt;in the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;same year was &lt;/del&gt;the &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;establishment of &lt;/del&gt;the [[Act of Supremacy]] and the [[Act of Uniformity]]&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. During this process, &lt;/del&gt;the Queen became the Supreme Governor of the [[Church of England]]. In 1570, Elizabeth was excommunicated by the Pope.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;On February 8&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1587&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Elizabeth had her cousin &lt;/del&gt;[[Mary, Queen of Scots]] executed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;There were several Catholic conspiracies against Elizabeth ([[Ridolfi Plot]]&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Babington Plot]])&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;many of which focussed on &lt;/ins&gt;[[Mary, Queen of Scots&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;|Mary Stuart]], the former Queen of Scots. As Elizabeth&#039;s closest living relative, she would be the next Queen of England. Catholics might even argue that she already was, since Elizabeth was a bastard child - born while Henry was legally married to [[Catherine of Aragon&lt;/ins&gt;]] &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;because only the Pope could have annulled that marriage. Having been kept under arrest for 19 years, Mary Stuart was &lt;/ins&gt;executed &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;on February 8, 1587&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;A very famous battle that took place during Elizabeth’s &lt;/del&gt;reign &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;was &lt;/del&gt;the battle against the [[&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Armada|Spanish &lt;/del&gt;Armada]] in &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;1588&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;which the English navy won&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The background &lt;/del&gt;of &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;this battle was &lt;/del&gt;the Spanish Armada &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;trying to invade England&lt;/del&gt;. &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;However&lt;/del&gt;, &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;it &lt;/del&gt;was &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;defeated near Gravelingen and lost even more ships when going back home due &lt;/del&gt;to &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a storm in Scotland and Ireland&lt;/del&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;The Catholic threats to Elizabeth&#039;s &lt;/ins&gt;reign &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;did not stop there. In 1588, Spain tried to invade England, but the English navy (and an Atlantic storm front) won &lt;/ins&gt;the battle against the [[Armada]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;. The victory was exploited to consolidate Elizabeth&#039;s power. The so-called &#039;&#039;Armada Portrait&#039;&#039; shows the Queen &lt;/ins&gt;in &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;a splendid dress that is adorned with pearls&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;i.e&lt;/ins&gt;. &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;fruits &lt;/ins&gt;of the &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;sea; her hand rests on a globe, laying claim to the West Indies, i.e. &lt;/ins&gt;Spanish &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;oversea territory. Making a similar point, the &lt;/ins&gt;Armada &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Medal bears the inscription, &quot;Afflavit et dissipati sunt&quot;, &#039;He [i.e. God] blew his winds, and they [i.e. the Spanish] were scattered&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&#039; Thus&lt;/ins&gt;, &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the victory &lt;/ins&gt;was &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;said &lt;/ins&gt;to &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;confirm that God was on the side of the English, as well as Protestants throughout Europe&lt;/ins&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the &#039;&#039;Virgin Queen&#039;&#039; due to the fact that she never married &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;nor did she have &lt;/del&gt;any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors and &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;was also said to have been in &lt;/del&gt;a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth I is also known as the &#039;&#039;Virgin Queen&#039;&#039; due to the fact that she never married &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;or had &lt;/ins&gt;any children. Nevertheless, she had several suitors&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;, &lt;/ins&gt;and &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;there were rumours about &lt;/ins&gt;a romantic relationship with Sir Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Queen Elizabeth died on March 24, 1603, and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Queen Elizabeth died on March 24, 1603, and was buried in Westminster Abbey in London.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>WikiSysop</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=5155&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Pankratz at 14:04, 7 June 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=5155&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2010-06-07T14:04:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:04, 7 June 2010&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at [[Placentia &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Palace&lt;/del&gt;]], Greenwich on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;the &lt;/ins&gt;[[&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Palace of &lt;/ins&gt;Placentia]], Greenwich on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Pankratz</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=5154&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Pankratz at 14:03, 7 June 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=5154&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2010-06-07T14:03:55Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 14:03, 7 June 2010&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;1533-1603, daughter of [[Henry VIII]] and [[Anne Boleyn]]. She died without heir and was succeeded by [[James I|James VI/I]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at Greenwich &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Palace in London &lt;/del&gt;on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[Placentia Palace]], &lt;/ins&gt;Greenwich on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Pankratz</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=4733&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Pankratz at 11:42, 4 May 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=4733&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2010-05-04T11:42:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 11:42, 4 May 2010&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l2&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at Greenwich Palace in London on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at Greenwich Palace in London on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother on May 19, 1536, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[&lt;/ins&gt;[Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17, 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England and was from then on named Elizabeth I. However, the official coronation ceremony only took place on January 15, 1559 [the coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17, 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England and was from then on named Elizabeth I. However, the official coronation ceremony only took place on January 15, 1559 [the coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Pankratz</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=4723&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Julia at 10:59, 4 May 2010</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Elizabeth_I&amp;diff=4723&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2010-05-04T10:59:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw=&quot;interface&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;tr class=&quot;diff-title&quot; lang=&quot;en&quot;&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Older revision&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revision as of 10:59, 4 May 2010&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l2&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Line 2:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at Greenwich Palace in London on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Elizabeth was born at Greenwich Palace in London on September 7, 1533.  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[when?]&lt;/del&gt;, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Her childhood is often considered difficult, starting with the fact that she was considered an illegitimate child after the execution of her mother [[Anne Boleyn]]. After the death of her mother &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;on May 19, 1536&lt;/ins&gt;, she lived with her stepmother Katherine Parr. In 1554, under the rule of her sister [Mary I|Mary]], she was imprisoned in the Tower of London and held under arrest at Woodstock later.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17, 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England and was from then on named Elizabeth I. However, the official coronation ceremony only took place on January 15, 1559 [the coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;On November 17, 1558, Elizabeth became Queen of England and was from then on named Elizabeth I. However, the official coronation ceremony only took place on January 15, 1559 [the coronation, however, is not necessary for someone to become King/Queen of England].  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;

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&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Julia</name></author>
	</entry>
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