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	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7634</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7634"/>
		<updated>2012-01-17T21:14:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1907-1963. Louis MacNeice was a poet and a member of the famous McSpaunday group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood &amp;amp; Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Frederick Louis MacNeice was born in Belfast on September 12th 1907 although his family was from the western part of Ireland.&lt;br /&gt;
He recalled especially his youth as a very depressing and isolated time which was caused by the early death of his mentally ill mother. He never recovered from the lost and pain he felt which followed him his whole life. After his mother died when he was only six years old, his father sent him from Carrickfergus, a village near Belfast, where he had spent his childhood and had lived privileged, to Malborough College in Wiltshire  and some years later to Oxford where he studied.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Oxford, he met W.H. Auden which became his life-long friend and companion. He also came in contact and befriended with Spender and C. Day Lewis, Cecil Day Lewis and Stephen Spender. Inspired by his friends and their work, he wrote plays and poetry and additionally became a member of a circle of literati known as “The Thirties Poets”. He also worked as a lecturer in classics and a translator. After a short stay in the United States because of the WWII and the unanswered love to American writer Eleanor Clark, MacNeice started to work for the BBC in 1941. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As mentioned before, MacNeice wrote poems when he was still in Oxford. Poems like “Blind Fireworks&amp;quot;, which gives an inside to his childhood, “Poems”,&amp;quot; Letter from Iceland”, “The Earth Compels” and “Autumn Journal” which were all written and published between 1929 and 1939 are just some examples. His work “Poems” is said to have paved the way for him while “Autumn Journal” is the most recognized and sophisticated poem. He explains his own elements of love, marriage, jouneys, memories and family in an impressionistic method.&lt;br /&gt;
Until his death on Sepetmber 3rd 1963, which was caused by pneumonia, MacNeice continued to write poems which at a older stage of his life focused on the meaning of life, love and death. &lt;br /&gt;
Especially his economic form, inventive language and lively imagery are adored by his readership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
___________________________________________________________________&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Sorces&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.poetryarchive.org/poetryarchive/singlePoet.do?poetId=1559&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/learning/getwritingni/wh_macneice.shtml&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7633</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7633"/>
		<updated>2012-01-17T21:14:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1907-1963. Louis MacNeice was a poet and a member of the famous McSpaunday group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood &amp;amp; Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Frederick Louis MacNeice was born in Belfast on September 12th 1907 although his family was from the western part of Ireland.&lt;br /&gt;
He recalled especially his youth as a very depressing and isolated time which was caused by the early death of his mentally ill mother. He never recovered from the lost and pain he felt which followed him his whole life. After his mother died when he was only six years old, his father sent him from Carrickfergus, a village near Belfast, where he had spent his childhood and had lived privileged, to Malborough College in Wiltshire  and some years later to Oxford where he studied.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Oxford, he met W.H. Auden which became his life-long friend and companion. He also came in contact and befriended with Spender and C. Day Lewis, Cecil Day Lewis and Stephen Spender. Inspired by his friends and their work, he wrote plays and poetry and additionally became a member of a circle of literati known as “The Thirties Poets”. He also worked as a lecturer in classics and a translator. After a short stay in the United States because of the WWII and the unanswered love to American writer Eleanor Clark, MacNeice started to work for the BBC in 1941. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As mentioned before, MacNeice wrote poems when he was still in Oxford. Poems like “Blind Fireworks&amp;quot;, which gives an inside to his childhood, “Poems”,&amp;quot; Letter from Iceland”, “The Earth Compels” and “Autumn Journal” which were all written and published between 1929 and 1939 are just some examples. His work “Poems” is said to have paved the way for him while “Autumn Journal” is the most recognized and sophisticated poem. He explains his own elements of love, marriage, jouneys, memories and family in an impressionistic method.&lt;br /&gt;
Until his death on Sepetmber 3rd 1963, which was caused by pneumonia, MacNeice continued to write poems which at a older stage of his life focused on the meaning of life, love and death. &lt;br /&gt;
Especially his economic form, inventive language and lively imagery are adored by his readership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
___________________________________________________________________&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Sorces&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.poetryarchive.org/poetryarchive/singlePoet.do?poetId=1559&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/learning/getwritingni/wh_macneice.shtml&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7632</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7632"/>
		<updated>2012-01-17T21:13:30Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1907-1963. Louis MacNeice was a poet and a member of the famous McSpaunday group.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood &amp;amp; Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Frederick Louis MacNeice was born in Belfast on September 12th 1907 although his family was from the western part of Ireland.&lt;br /&gt;
He recalled especially his youth as a very depressing and isolated time which was caused by the early death of his mentally ill mother. He never recovered from the lost and pain he felt which followed him his whole life. After his mother died when he was only six years old, his father sent him from Carrickfergus, a village near Belfast, where he had spent his childhood and had lived privileged, to Malborough College in Wiltshire  and some years later to Oxford where he studied.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Oxford, he met W.H. Auden which became his life-long friend and companion. He also came in contact and befriended with Spender and C. Day Lewis, Cecil Day Lewis and Stephen Spender. Inspired by his friends and their work, he wrote plays and poetry and additionally became a member of a circle of literati known as “The Thirties Poets”. He also worked as a lecturer in classics and a translator. After a short stay in the United States because of the WWII and the unanswered love to American writer Eleanor Clark, MacNeice started to work for the BBC in 1941. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As mentioned before, MacNeice wrote poems when he was still in Oxford. Poems like “Blind Fireworks&amp;quot;, which gives an inside to his childhood, “Poems”,&amp;quot; Letter from Iceland”, “The Earth Compels” and “Autumn Journal” which were all written and published between 1929 and 1939 are just some examples. His work “Poems” is said to have paved the way for him while “Autumn Journal” is the most recognized and sophisticated poem. He explains his own elements of love, marriage, jouneys, memories and family in an impressionistic method.&lt;br /&gt;
Until his death on Sepetmber 3rd 1963, which was caused by pneumonia, MacNeice continued to write poems which at a older stage of his life focused on the meaning of life, love and death. &lt;br /&gt;
Especially his economic form, inventive language and lively imagery are adored by his readership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Sorces&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
___________________________________________________________________&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.poetryarchive.org/poetryarchive/singlePoet.do?poetId=1559&lt;br /&gt;
http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/learning/getwritingni/wh_macneice.shtml&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7566</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7566"/>
		<updated>2012-01-16T17:35:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1907-1963. Louis MacNeice was a poet and a member of McSpaunday to which he is often brought into connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood &amp;amp; Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Frederick Louis MacNeice was born in Belfast on September 12th 1907 although his family was from the western part of Ireland.&lt;br /&gt;
He recalled especially his youth as a very depressing and isolated time which was caused by the early death of his mentally ill mother. He never recovered from the lost and pain he felt which followed him his whole life. After his mother died when he was only six years old, his father sent him from Carrickfergus, a village near Belfast, where he had spent his childhood and had lived privileged, to Malborough College in Wiltshire  and some years later in Oxford where he was supposed to study. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
At Oxford, he met W.H. Auden which became his life-long friend and companion. He also came in contact and befriended with Spender and C. Day Lewis, Cecil Day Lewis and Stephen Spender. Inspired by his friends and their work, he wrote plays and poetry, became a member of a circle of literati known as “The Thirties Poets”. He also worked as a lecturer in classics and a translator. After a short stay in the United States because of the WWII and unanswered love to American writer Eleanor Clark, MacNeice started to work for the BBC in 1941. &lt;br /&gt;
As mentioned before, MacNeice wrote poems when he was still in Oxford. Poems like “Blind Fireworks, which gives an inside to his childhood, “Poems”, Letter from Iceland”, “The Earth Compels” and “Autumn Journal” which were all written and published between 1929 and 1939 are just some examples. The work “Poems” is said to have paved the way for him while “Autumn Journal” is the most recognized and sophisticated poem. He explains his won elements of love, marriage, travel, his life, memories and family in an impressionistic method.&lt;br /&gt;
Until his death in 1963, MacNeice continued to write poems which at a older stage of his life focused on death, goals and love. &lt;br /&gt;
Especially his economic form, inventive language and lively imagery are adored by his readership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Love life &amp;amp; Death&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
MacNeice became ill with pneumonia at the beginning of 1963 and died Sepetmber 3rd the same year.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7565</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7565"/>
		<updated>2012-01-16T17:34:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1907-1963. Louis MacNeice was a poet and a member of McSpaunday to which he is often brought into connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood &amp;amp; Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
Frederick Louis MacNeice was born in Belfast on September 12th 1907 although his family was from the western part of Ireland.&lt;br /&gt;
He recalled especially his youth as a very depressing and isolated time which was caused by the early death of his mentally ill mother. He never recovered from the lost and pain he felt which followed him his whole life. After his mother died when he was only six years old, his father sent him from Carrickfergus, a village near Belfast, where he had spent his childhood and had lived privileged, to Malborough College in Wiltshire  and some years later in Oxford where he was supposed to study. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
At Oxford, he met W.H. Auden which became his life-long friend and companion. He also came in contact and befriended with Spender and C. Day Lewis, Cecil Day Lewis and Stephen Spender. Inspired by his friends and their work, he wrote plays and poetry, became a member of a circle of literati known as “The Thirties Poets”. He also worked as a lecturer in classics and a translator. After a short stay in the United States because of the WWII and unanswered love to American writer Eleanor Clark, MacNeice started to work for the BBC in 1941. &lt;br /&gt;
As mentioned before, MacNeice wrote poems when he was still in Oxford. Poems like “Blind Fireworks, which gives an inside to his childhood, “Poems”, Letter from Iceland”, “The Earth Compels” and “Autumn Journal” which were all written and published between 1929 and 1939 are just some examples. The work “Poems” is said to have paved the way for him while “Autumn Journal” is the most recognized and sophisticated poem. He explains his won elements of love, marriage, travel, his life, memories and family in an impressionistic method.&lt;br /&gt;
Until his death in 1963, MacNeice continued to write poems which at a older stage of his life focused on death, goals and love. &lt;br /&gt;
Especially his economic form, inventive language and lively imagery are adored by his readership.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Love life &amp;amp; Death&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
MacNeice became ill with pneumonia at the beginning of 1963 and died Sepetmber 3rd the same year.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7562</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7562"/>
		<updated>2012-01-16T16:18:12Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;1907-1963. Louis MacNeice was a poet and a member of McSpaunday to which he is often brought into connection.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Influence and Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7483</id>
		<title>Louis MacNeice</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Louis_MacNeice&amp;diff=7483"/>
		<updated>2012-01-13T09:38:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: Created page with &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Childhood&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Education&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;  &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Influence and Work&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Childhood&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Education&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Influence and Work&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7213</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7213"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T22:04:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Origin &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the term already indicates, Slapstick Comedy derives from the genre comedy. Comedy cannot be separated as a distinctive genre because its elements can be found in different film categories. Comic gangster films, comic horror films or comic disaster films are just some examples.&lt;br /&gt;
The first comedy film appeared in 1895 with the title &#039;&#039;Watering the Gardenertalic&#039;&#039;. The topic of the film based on an out-of -control water hoe that wetted its owner, the gardener. But 10 years later the actors and their behavior became the focus of the films. Their intentional actions which were seen as unintentional kept the audience laughing. &lt;br /&gt;
Although it is not seen as the most respectable genre today, it belonged to the viewers’ most favored genres especially at the beginning of the film and cinema industry and earned its “hilarious“ reputation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Slapstick Comedy- Beginning and success&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term slapstick comedy is closely connected to an item used by clowns.  The instrument consists of a pair of wood which is slapped together, makes loud noises and underlines violent actions like punches of the entertaining clowns. Slapstick comedy rather focuses on physical humor, facetious violence and skirmish which could end in pass outs. The elements of slapstick show that malicious joy is the key element of the entertainment which is broadcasted in this genre. Slapstick films were created in the Silent Cinema era. The plot was only based on actions but not on verbal communication.&lt;br /&gt;
Viewers have a distant to actors which are portrayed as not being perfect. But even that effect can be traced to the Italian Renaissance in which comedians wore mask to hide their faces and created a distance between themselves and the audience. In the time of Renaissance and the Slapstick era, it created naivete, plainness, intensity and extremity which make self- identification harder or even impossible for the audience. This can especially be found by actors like Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, The Three Stooges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Important actors&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe ‘Fatty’ Arbuckle, Buster Keaton and Mark Sennett were one of the most famous stars of that era. Although the Slapstick Comedy era took place in the United States of America, the British actor Charlie Chaplin promoted and caused the popularity of these films.&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charlie Chaplin]] signed a contract with Mack Sennett’s Keystone Studios, one of the most successful film studios in the 1910s and played in more than 35 films in 1914. Charlie Chaplin is said to be responsible for the focus shift from the comic action to the personality based blockhead or clumsy fellow. His fame rose so fast that the produced movies were not promoted by the production company’s name but his instead. Posters, other items and the main success of films started to depend on the face and name of the actors. Actors that also profited from it were Buster Keaton, Harry Langdorn and Harold Lloyd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
Sources&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
King, Geoff. Film Comedy. Columbia: Columbia Press, 2002.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitt, Johammes. Eine dramaturgische Studie. Berlin, 2006.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Blanford, Steve. The Film Studies Dictionary, Oxford: New York, 2001.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7212</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7212"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T22:02:52Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Origin &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the term already indicates, Slapstick Comedy derives from the genre comedy. Comedy cannot be separated as a distinctive genre because its elements can be found in different film categories. Comic gangster films, comic horror films or comic disaster films are just some examples.&lt;br /&gt;
The first comedy film appeared in 1895 with the title &#039;&#039;Watering the Gardenertalic&#039;&#039;. The topic of the film based on an out-of -control water hoe that wetted its owner, the gardener. But 10 years later the actors and their behavior became the focus of the films. Their intentional actions which were seen as unintentional kept the audience laughing. &lt;br /&gt;
Although it is not seen as the most respectable genre today, it belonged to the viewers’ most favored genres especially at the beginning of the film and cinema industry and earned its “hilarious“ reputation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Slapstick Comedy beginning and success&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term slapstick comedy is closely connected to an item used by clowns.  The instrument consists of a pair of wood which is slapped together, makes loud noises and underlines violent actions like punches of the entertaining clowns. Slapstick comedy rather focuses on physical humor, facetious violence and skirmish which could end in pass outs. The elements of slapstick show that malicious joy is the key element of the entertainment which is broadcasted in this genre. Slapstick films were created in the Silent Cinema era. The plot was only based on actions but not on verbal communication.&lt;br /&gt;
Viewers have a distant to actors which are portrayed as not being perfect. But even that effect can be traced to the Italian Renaissance in which comedians wore mask to hide their faces and created a distance between themselves and the audience. In the time of Renaissance and the Slapstick era, it created naivete, plainness, intensity and extremity which make self- identification harder or even impossible for the audience. This can especially be found by actors like Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, The Three Stooges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Important actors&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe ‘Fatty’ Arbuckle, Buster Keaton and Mark Sennett were one of the most famous stars of that era. Although the Slapstick Comedy era took place in the United States of America, the British actor Charlie Chaplin promoted and caused the popularity of these films.&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charlie Chaplin]] signed a contract with Mack Sennett’s Keystone Studios, one of the most successful film studios in the 1910s and played in more than 35 films in 1914. Charlie Chaplin is said to be responsible for the focus shift from the comic action to the personality based blockhead or clumsy fellow. His fame rose so fast that the produced movies were not promoted by the production company’s name but his instead. Posters, other items and the main success of films started to depend on the face and name of the actors. Actors that also profited from it were Buster Keaton, Harry Langdorn and Harold Lloyd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
Sources&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
King, Geoff. Film Comedy. Columbia: Columbia Press, 2002.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitt, Johammes. Eine dramaturgische Studie. Berlin, 2006.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Blanford, Steve. The Film Studies Dictionary, Oxford: New York, 2001.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7211</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7211"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T22:02:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Origin &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the term already indicates, Slapstick Comedy derives from the genre comedy. Comedy cannot be separated as a distinctive genre because its elements can be found in different film categories. Comic gangster films, comic horror films or comic disaster films are just some examples.&lt;br /&gt;
The first comedy film appeared in 1895 with the title &#039;&#039;Watering the Gardenertalic&#039;&#039;. The topic of the film based on an out-of -control water hoe that wetted its owner, the gardener. But 10 years later the actors and their behavior became the focus of the films. Their intentional actions which were seen as unintentional kept the audience laughing. &lt;br /&gt;
Although it is not seen as the most respectable genre today, it belonged to the viewers’ most favored genres especially at the beginning of the film and cinema industry and earned its “hilarious“ reputation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Slapstick Comedy beginning and success&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term slapstick comedy is closely connected to an item used by clowns.  The instrument consists of a pair of wood which is slapped together, makes loud noises and underlines violent actions like punches of the entertaining clowns. Slapstick comedy rather focuses on physical humor, facetious violence and skirmish which could end in pass outs. The elements of slapstick show that malicious joy is the key element of the entertainment which is broadcasted in this genre. Slapstick films were created in the Silent Cinema era. The plot was only based on actions but not on verbal communication.&lt;br /&gt;
Viewers have a distant to actors which are portrayed as not being perfect. But even that effect can be traced to the Italian Renaissance in which comedians wore mask to hide their faces and created a distance between themselves and the audience. In the time of Renaissance and the Slapstick era, it created naivete, plainness, intensity and extremity which make self- identification harder or even impossible for the audience. This can especially be found by actors like Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, The Three Stooges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Important actors&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe ‘Fatty’ Arbuckle, Buster Keaton and Mark Sennett were one of the most famous stars of that era. Although the Slapstick Comedy era took place in the United States of America, the British actor Charlie Chaplin promoted and caused the popularity of these films.&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charlie Chaplin]] signed a contract with Mack Sennett’s Keystone Studios, one of the most successful film studios in the 1910s and played in more than 35 films in 1914. Charlie Chaplin is said to be responsible for the focus shift from the comic action to the personality based blockhead or clumsy fellow. His fame rose so fast that the produced movies were not promoted by the production company’s name but his instead. Posters, other items and the main success of films started to depend on the face and name of the actors. Actors that also profited from it were Buster Keaton, Harry Langdorn and Harold Lloyd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
Sources&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
King, Geoff. Film Comedy. Columbia: Columbia Press, 2002.&lt;br /&gt;
Schmitt, Johammes. Eine dramaturgische Studie. Berlin, 2006.&lt;br /&gt;
Blanford, Steve. The Film Studies Dictionary, Oxford: New York, 2001.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7210</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7210"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T21:47:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Origin &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the term already indicates, Slapstick Comedy derives from the genre comedy. Comedy cannot be separated as a distinctive genre because its elements can be found in different film categories. Comic gangster films, comic horror films or comic disaster films are just some examples.&lt;br /&gt;
The first comedy film appeared in 1895 with the title &#039;&#039;Watering the Gardenertalic&#039;&#039;. The topic of the film based on an out-of -control water hoe that wetted its owner, the gardener. But 10 years later the actors and their behavior became the focus of the films. Their intentional actions which were seen as unintentional kept the audience laughing. &lt;br /&gt;
Although it is not seen as the most respectable genre today, it belonged to the viewers’ most favored genres especially at the beginning of the film and cinema industry and earned its “hilarious“ reputation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Slapstick Comedy beginning and success&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term slapstick comedy is closely connected to an item used by clowns.  The instrument consists of a pair of wood which is slapped together, makes loud noises and underlines violent actions like punches of the entertaining clowns. Slapstick comedy rather focuses on physical humor, facetious violence and skirmish which could end in pass outs. The elements of slapstick show that malicious joy is the key element of the entertainment which is broadcasted in this genre. Slapstick films were created in the Silent Cinema era. The plot was only based on actions but not on verbal communication.&lt;br /&gt;
Viewers have a distant to actors which are portrayed as not being perfect. But even that effect can be traced to the Italian Renaissance in which comedians wore mask to hide their faces and created a distance between themselves and the audience. In the time of Renaissance and the Slapstick era, it created naivete, plainness, intensity and extremity which make self- identification harder or even impossible for the audience. This can especially be found by actors like Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, The Three Stooges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Important actors&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe ‘Fatty’ Arbuckle, Buster Keaton and Mark Sennett were one of the most famous stars of that era. Although the Slapstick Comedy era took place in the United States of America, the British actor Charlie Chaplin promoted and caused the popularity of these films.&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charlie Chaplin]] signed a contract with Mack Sennett’s Keystone Studios, one of the most successful film studios in the 1910s and played in more than 35 films in 1914. Charlie Chaplin is said to be responsible for the focus shift from the comic action to the personality based blockhead or clumsy fellow. His fame rose so fast that the produced movies were not promoted by the production company’s name but his instead. Posters, other items and the main success of films started to depend on the face and name of the actors. Actors that also profited from it were Buster Keaton, Harry Langdorn and Harold Lloyd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
----&lt;br /&gt;
Sources&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
King, Geoff. Film Comedy. Columbia: Columbia Press, 2002.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7207</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7207"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T21:38:24Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Origin &#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the term already indicates, Slapstick Comedy derives from the genre comedy. Comedy cannot be separated as a distinctive genre because its elements can be found in different film categories. Comic gangster films, comic horror films or comic disaster films are just some examples.&lt;br /&gt;
The first comedy film appeared in 1895 with the title &#039;&#039;Watering the Gardenertalic&#039;&#039;. The topic of the film based on an out-of -control water hoe that wetted its owner, the gardener. But 10 years later the actors and their behavior became the focus of the films. Their intentional actions which were seen as unintentional kept the audience laughing. &lt;br /&gt;
Although it is not seen as the most respectable genre today, it belonged to the viewers’ most favored genres especially at the beginning of the film and cinema industry and earned its “hilarious“ reputation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Slapstick Comedy beginning and success&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term slapstick comedy is closely connected to an item used by clowns.  The instrument consists of a pair of wood which is slapped together, makes loud noises and underlines violent actions like punches of the entertaining clowns. Slapstick comedy rather focuses on physical humor, facetious violence and skirmish which could end in pass outs. The elements of slapstick show that malicious joy is the key element of the entertainment which is broadcasted in this genre. Slapstick films were created in the Silent Cinema era. The plot was only based on actions but not on verbal communication.&lt;br /&gt;
Viewers have a distant to actors which are portrayed as not being perfect. But even that effect can be traced to the Italian Renaissance in which comedians wore mask to hide their faces and created a distance between themselves and the audience. In the time of Renaissance and the Slapstick era, it created naivete, plainness, intensity and extremity which make self- identification harder or even impossible for the audience. This can especially be found by actors like Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, The Three Stooges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Important actors&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe ‘Fatty’ Arbuckle, Buster Keaton and Mark Sennett were one of the most famous stars of that era. Although the Slapstick Comedy era took place in the United States of America, the British actor Charlie Chaplin promoted and caused the popularity of these films.&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charlie Chaplin]] signed a contract with Mack Sennett’s Keystone Studios, one of the most successful film studios in the 1910s and played in more than 35 films in 1914. Charlie Chaplin is said to be responsible for the focus shift from the comic action to the personality based blockhead or clumsy fellow. His fame rose so fast that the produced movies were not promoted by the production company’s name but his instead. Posters, other items and the main success of films started to depend on the face and name of the actors. Actors that also profited from it were Buster Keaton, Harry Langdorn and Harold Lloyd.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7187</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=7187"/>
		<updated>2011-12-07T18:44:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Origin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As the term already indicates, Slapstick Comedy derives from the genre comedy. Comedy cannot be separated as a distinctive genre because its elements can be found in different film categories. Comic gangster films, comic horror films or comic disaster films are just some examples.&lt;br /&gt;
The first comedy film appeared in 1895 with the title Watering the Gardener. The topic of the film based on an out-of -control water hoe that wetted its owner, the gardener. But 10 years later the actors and their behavior became the focus of the films. Their intentional actions which were seen as unintentional kept the audience laughing. &lt;br /&gt;
Although it is not seen as the most respectable genre today, it belonged to the viewers’ most favored genres especially at the beginning of the film and cinema industry and earned its “hilarious“ reputation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Slapstick Comedy beginning and success&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term slapstick comedy is closely connected to an item used by clowns.  The instrument consists of a pair of wood which is slapped together, makes loud noises and underlines violent actions like punches of the entertaining clowns. Slapstick comedy rather focuses on physical humor, facetious violence and skirmish which could end in pass outs. The elements of slapstick show that malicious joy is the key element of the entertainment which is broadcasted in this genre. Slapstick films were created in the Silent Cinema era. The plot was only based on actions but not on verbal communication.&lt;br /&gt;
Viewers have a distant to actors which are portrayed as not being perfect. But even that effect can be traced to the Italian Renaissance in which comedians wore mask to hide their faces and created a distance between themselves and the audience. In the time of Renaissance and the Slapstick era, it created naivete, plainness, intensity and extremity which make self- identification harder or even impossible for the audience. This can especially be found by actors like Buster Keaton, Harold Lloyd, The Three Stooges.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Important actors&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Roscoe ‘Fatty’ Arbuckle, Buster Keaton and Mark Sennett were one of the most famous stars of that era. Although the Slapstick Comedy era took place in the United States of America, the British actor Charlie Chaplin promoted and caused the popularity of these films.&lt;br /&gt;
Charlie Chaplin signed a contract with Mack Sennett’s Keystone Studios, one of the most successful film studios in the 1910s and played in more than 35 films in 1914. Charlie Chaplin is said to be responsible for the focus shift from the comic action to the personality based blockhead or clumsy fellow. His fame rose so fast that the produced movies were not promoted by the production company’s name but his instead. Posters, other items and the main success of films started to depend on the face and name of the actors. Actors that also profited from it were Buster Keaton, Harry Langdorn and Harold Lloyd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Charlie Chaplin]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=6914</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=6914"/>
		<updated>2011-11-29T18:12:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Origin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Intention &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Important Actors&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Charly Choplin&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=6913</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=6913"/>
		<updated>2011-11-29T18:11:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Origin&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Intention &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Important Actors&lt;br /&gt;
Charly Choplin&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=6912</id>
		<title>Slapstick Comedy</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://el.rub.de/wiki/Brit-Cult/index.php?title=Slapstick_Comedy&amp;diff=6912"/>
		<updated>2011-11-29T18:06:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Zella: Created page with &amp;#039;Charly Choplin&amp;#039;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Charly Choplin&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Zella</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>