Colen Campbell

2009-12-18T14:37:07Z

Miss Maclet: Created page with ''''Colen Campbell''' was born in Nairshire, Scotland, in 1676 and was a pioneering architect. although he initially trained as a lawyer. The reason for his attention turning to a…'

'''Colen Campbell''' was born in Nairshire, Scotland, in 1676 and was a pioneering architect. although he initially trained as a lawyer. The reason for his attention turning to architecture is not known.

'''Vitruvius Britannicus'''

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His major published work "Viturvius Britannicus", produced between 1715 - 1725 and consisting of three volumes, became one of the most influential texts of the eigteenth century Neo-Palladianism, in a way this book established Neo-Palladianism as the dominant style of eigteenth century Britain.
Basically,it was a catalogue of design, featuring work by prominent architects of the seventeenth century, for example Inigo Jones and Christopher Wren, as well as contemporary buildings.
Campbell was heavily influenced by the architect James Smith, whom he described in "Vitruvius Britannicus" as "the most experienced architect" in Scotland.

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After the publishment of this work, Richard Boyle, the third Lord Burlington, employed the Scottish architect. So, Campbell replaced James Gibbs as the architect of Bulington House, now the Royal Academy in London.
In 1718, he was appointed deputy to the Surveyor General of the Royal Board of Works.

''Some of Campbell´s most important architectural commissions:''

1. Wanstead House, Essex (1714 - 1720, designed for Sir Richard Child

2. Stourhead, Wiltshire (1720-4). built for London-based banker Henry Hoare

3. Mereworth Castle, Kent (1720-5), commissioned by the honorable John Farn

Campbell finally died in 1729.

Triennial Acts

2009-11-09T11:47:26Z

Miss Maclet: Created page with 'The intention of the Triennial Acts in 1641, 1664 and 1694 was to restrict the prerogatives of the king in summoning and retaining parliaments. '''Triennial Act in 1641''' ----…'

The intention of the Triennial Acts in 1641, 1664 and 1694 was to restrict the prerogatives of the king in summoning and retaining parliaments.

'''Triennial Act in 1641'''

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The first Act passed on 16 February 1641 and placed the obligation on the king to summon a parliament every three years, for at least 50 days. It was established to prevent a repetition of the long absence of parliament seen in the ´11 years Tyranny´ of 1629-1640 under Charles I.

'''Triennial Act in 1664'''

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The second Act still said that the parliament should meet every three years, but no mechanism was determinded to enforce this requirement. Therefore, Charles II did not comply with this condition from March 1684, James II from November 1688.

'''Triennial Act in 1694'''

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The third Act passed in 1694 and declared on the one hand that general elections should be held every three years and on the other hand that the parliament should be summoned at least once a year.
This act was then replaced by the Septennial Act of 1716.

British Culture - User contributions [en]

Colen Campbell

Triennial Acts