British Culture - User contributions [en]

James Thomson

2013-12-19T23:00:19Z

Chris:

British poet James Thomson (11 September 1700 - 27 August 1748) is mainly known for his poem “The Seasons” and the lyrics of “Rule, Britannia!”.

After his studies of theology at the University of Edinburgh, Thomson went to London in 1725 hoping either to become a popular preacher or to acquire a patron for his poetry

His poem “Winter” appeared in 1726 and was very well received. It was followed by “Summer” (1727) and “Spring” (1728). In 1730, Thomson published “The Seasons”, now also including “Autumn”. And it was this publication which secured him a patron. Sir Charles Talbot did not only send Thomson abroad as a companion to his son (1731-1733), but also gave him the post of secretary of briefs in the Court of Chancery.

Thomson’s next work, a long poem called “Liberty”, was based on his travels and published in five parts (1734-1736) However, in the end the poem turned out to be a failure. Luckily, Thomson had sold the copyright before.

Due to Talbot's death in 1737, Thomson lost his sinecure. Moreover, his fortunes got low, so that he was arrested for debt. Nevertheless, he managed to retrieve his fortunes, namely by producing his tragedy “Agamemnon” in 1738. Thomson's next tragedy, "Edward and Eleanora" (1739), was not published for political issues.

In collaboration with his friend David Mallet, Thomson wrote the masque "Alfred" (1740) containing his famous ode “Rule, Britannia!”.

In 1745, Thomson produced his most successful play, "Tancred and Sigismunda". The poem "The Castle of Indolence" was published in 1748. James Thomson died that year on August 27.

Sources:

Bayne, William. James Thomson. Philadelphia: R. West. 1977.

Sambrook, James. James Thomson. 1700-1748: A Life. New York: Oxford University Press. 1991.

Scott, Mary Jane W.. James Thomson. Anglo-Scot. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 1988.

James Thomson

2013-12-19T22:59:59Z

Chris: Created page with "James Thomson British poet James Thomson (11 September 1700 - 27 August 1748) is mainly known for his poem “The Seasons” and the lyrics of “Rule, Britannia!”. After ..."

James Thomson

British poet James Thomson (11 September 1700 - 27 August 1748) is mainly known for his poem “The Seasons” and the lyrics of “Rule, Britannia!”.

After his studies of theology at the University of Edinburgh, Thomson went to London in 1725 hoping either to become a popular preacher or to acquire a patron for his poetry

His poem “Winter” appeared in 1726 and was very well received. It was followed by “Summer” (1727) and “Spring” (1728). In 1730, Thomson published “The Seasons”, now also including “Autumn”. And it was this publication which secured him a patron. Sir Charles Talbot did not only send Thomson abroad as a companion to his son (1731-1733), but also gave him the post of secretary of briefs in the Court of Chancery.

Thomson’s next work, a long poem called “Liberty”, was based on his travels and published in five parts (1734-1736) However, in the end the poem turned out to be a failure. Luckily, Thomson had sold the copyright before.

Due to Talbot's death in 1737, Thomson lost his sinecure. Moreover, his fortunes got low, so that he was arrested for debt. Nevertheless, he managed to retrieve his fortunes, namely by producing his tragedy “Agamemnon” in 1738. Thomson's next tragedy, "Edward and Eleanora" (1739), was not published for political issues.

In collaboration with his friend David Mallet, Thomson wrote the masque "Alfred" (1740) containing his famous ode “Rule, Britannia!”.

In 1745, Thomson produced his most successful play, "Tancred and Sigismunda". The poem "The Castle of Indolence" was published in 1748. James Thomson died that year on August 27.

Sources:

Bayne, William. James Thomson. Philadelphia: R. West. 1977.

Sambrook, James. James Thomson. 1700-1748: A Life. New York: Oxford University Press. 1991.

Scott, Mary Jane W.. James Thomson. Anglo-Scot. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 1988.

Talk:Henry I

2013-12-18T21:21:01Z

Chris: Blanked the page

Henry I

2013-12-18T17:24:51Z

Chris:

Henry was born in England in 1068 or 1069, the fourth son of [[William the Conqueror]]. By the time his elder brother William became king, one of Henry's other older brothers had died, leaving Robert as the only other potential successor. William was killed in a hunting accident in August 1100, and Henry had himself crowned a few days later, taking advantage of Robert's absence on crusade.

An energetic, decisive and occasionally cruel ruler, Henry centralised the administration of England and Normandy in the royal court, using 'viceroys' in Normandy and a group of advisers in England to act on his behalf when he was absent across the Channel.

Henry successfully sought to increase royal revenues, as shown by the official records of his exchequer. He established peaceful relations with Scotland, through his marriage to Mathilda of Scotland.

In 1120, his legitimate sons William and Richard drowned in the White Ship which sank in the English Channel. This posed a succession problem, as Henry never allowed any of his illegitimate children to expect succession to either England or Normandy.

Henry had a legitimate daughter Matilda. However, it was his nephew Stephen (reigned 1135-1154), son of William the Conqueror's daughter Adela, who succeeded Henry after his death.

Green, Judith. ''The Government of England Under Henry I''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1989.

Green, Judith. ''Henry I: King of England and Duke of Normandy''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2009.

Henry I

2013-12-18T17:20:12Z

Chris:

Henry was born in England in 1068 or 1069, the fourth son of William the Conqueror. By the time his elder brother William became king, one of Henry's other older brothers had died, leaving Robert as the only other potential successor. William was killed in a hunting accident in August 1100, and Henry had himself crowned a few days later, taking advantage of Robert's absence on crusade.

An energetic, decisive and occasionally cruel ruler, Henry centralised the administration of England and Normandy in the royal court, using 'viceroys' in Normandy and a group of advisers in England to act on his behalf when he was absent across the Channel.

Henry successfully sought to increase royal revenues, as shown by the official records of his exchequer. He established peaceful relations with Scotland, through his marriage to Mathilda of Scotland.

In 1120, his legitimate sons William and Richard drowned in the White Ship which sank in the English Channel. This posed a succession problem, as Henry never allowed any of his illegitimate children to expect succession to either England or Normandy.

Henry had a legitimate daughter Matilda. However, it was his nephew Stephen (reigned 1135-1154), son of William the Conqueror's daughter Adela, who succeeded Henry after his death.

Green, Judith. The Government of England Under Henry I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 1989.

Green, Judith. Henry I: King of England and Duke of Normandy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 2009.

Henry I

2013-12-17T18:07:27Z

Chris: Created page with "Henry I"

Henry I

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T14:08:32Z

Chris:

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of [[Charles II]] of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the [[Clarendon Code]], including:

the Corporation Act

the [[Act of Uniformity]]

the Conventicle Act

the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an [[Act of Settlement]] (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.

The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.

The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, [[Charles II]] issued a [[Declaration of Indulgence]] for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the [[Church of England]]. Following the [[Popish Plot]] of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Sources:

Jones, James Rees. Country and Court: England 1658–1714. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. 1978.

Seaward, Paul. The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667. Cambridge: Cambridge Universtiy Press. 1988.

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T14:07:40Z

Chris:

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T13:53:24Z

Chris:

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of [[Charles II]] of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the [[Clarendon Code]], including:

the Corporation Act

the [[Act of Uniformity]]

the Conventicle Act

the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an [[Act of Settlement]] (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.

The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.

The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, [[Charles II]] issued a [[Declaration of Indulgence]] for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the [[Church of England]]. Following the [[Popish Plot]] of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Sources:

Seaward, Paul. The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667. Cambridge: Cambridge Universtiy Press, 1988.

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T13:40:14Z

Chris:

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of Charles II of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the Clarendon Code, including:

the Corporation Act

the Act of Uniformity

the Conventicle Act

the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an Act of Settlement (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.

The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.

The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, Charles II issued a Declaration of Indulgence for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the Church of England. Following the Popish Plot of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Sources:

Seaward, Paul. The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667. Cambridge: Cambridge Universtiy Press, 1988.

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T13:37:11Z

Chris:

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of Charles II of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the Clarendon Code, including:

the Corporation Act

the Act of Uniformity

the Conventicle Act

the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an Act of Settlement (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.

The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.

The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, Charles II issued a Declaration of Indulgence for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the Church of England. Following the Popish Plot of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Sources:

The Cavalier Parliament and the Reconstruction of the Old Regime, 1661-1667 (Cambridge Studies in Early Modern British History)

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T13:35:46Z

Chris:

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of Charles II of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the Clarendon Code, including:

the Corporation Act

the Act of Uniformity

the Conventicle Act

the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an Act of Settlement (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.

The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.

The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, Charles II issued a Declaration of Indulgence for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the Church of England. Following the Popish Plot of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T13:35:02Z

Chris:

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of Charles II of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the Clarendon Code, including:

the Corporation Act
the Act of Uniformity
the Conventicle Act
the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an Act of Settlement (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.

The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.

The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, Charles II issued a Declaration of Indulgence for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the Church of England. Following the Popish Plot of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Cavalier Parliament

2013-06-16T13:33:42Z

Chris: Created page with 'The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reig…'

The Cavalier Parliament of Britain lasted from May 8, 1661 until January 24, 1679. It followed the Convention Parliament. It endured for over 17 years of the quarter century reign of Charles II of England. Like its predecessor parliament, it was overwhelmingly Royalist.

It was responsible for enacting the Clarendon Code, including:

the Corporation Act
the Act of Uniformity
the Conventicle Act
the Five-Mile Act

In December 1661, parliament was challenged by the Fifth Monarchists under the command of Vavasor Powell and Thomas Venner, who led a succession of revolts. These rebellions were initiated as an anticipation of the arrival of Jesus Christ to claim the throne.

In 1662 an Act of Settlement (there are several parliamentary acts with this title, most notably the Act of Settlement of 1701 covering succession to the throne) was passed following the demobilization of the army. The 1662 Act of Settlement was intended to assist local authorities to cope with large numbers of displaced disbanded soldiers.

The Licensing Act of 1662 was passed with the following title: "An Act for preventing the frequent Abuses in printing seditious treasonable and unlicensed Bookes and Pamphlets and for regulating of Printing and Printing Presses".

In 1667 Clarendon was impeached and exiled.

In the same year:

The beginnings of what is now called a cabinet system began to emerge within the government.
The cabal comprising Clifford, Arlington, Buckingham, Ashley, Lauderdale ascended to power.
The factions of a "party political" system polarised between "court" supporters (royalists) and "country" supporters (parliamentarians) can clearly be seen to foreshadow the Tory and Whig parties.

In March of 1672, Charles II issued a Declaration of Indulgence for the benefit of nonconformist Protestants and Catholics. Parliament forced the king to withdraw the declaration the following year. In 1673 a Test Act (another title of several different acts) was passed, requiring all those holding office to swear an "oath of allegiance and of supremacy" and to "adjure transubstantiation" and to take the sacrament of the Church of England. Following the Popish Plot of September 1678, a Papists' Disabling Act was passed to exclude Catholics from Parliament.

On January 24, 1679, the seemingly interminable Cavalier Parliament was finally dissolved. A few weeks later, on March 6, a new parliament was assembled, but it was prorogued before it could conduct its business.

Tudor Rose

2013-01-22T22:45:54Z

Chris:

1. The Tudor Rose

The Tudor Rose is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. It represented the fusion of the Lancastrian and Yorkist noble factions. This fusion was symbolised by the white rose of York and the red rose of Lancaster. The important emblem of the Tudor dynasty marked the end of the devastating English civil war called the Wars of the Roses.

2. The Creation of the Tudor Rose

England had entered a long period of Civil war called the War of the Roses between the two most powerful noble factions of England, i.e. the House of York and the House of Lancaster. A final Lancastrian rebellion rose against the Yorkist King Richard III following the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, who were the two young sons of King Edward IV. Henry VII defeated the Yorkist leader King Richard III in the Battle of Bosworth Field and claimed the throne of England becoming King Henry VII. The Dynasty of the Tudors was born, but it was shaky claim based on an illegitimate Plantagenet line. The Lancastrian King Henry VII therefore cemented his claim by marrying Elizabeth of York, the Yorkist daughter of King Edward IV. The Houses of York and Lancaster therefore merged leading to the creation of the emblem called the Tudor Rose.

3. The Design of the Tudor Rose

The national flower of England is the rose which was adopted as England’s emblem during the time of the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). The design took the white rose of York as the center of the flower, and the red rose of Lancaster as the outside edging. The design symbolised unity and mutual regard.

4. The Tudor Rose Emblem

The Tudor Rose emblem was used as a badge, a distinctive device which is displayed as a mark of recognition by an individual or family and worn as a symbol of loyalty and allegiance. The emblem became part of the British heraldic tradition. The Tudor Rose Badge is still evident on the uniforms of the Yeomen Warders at the Tower of London.

5. Sources

Guy, John. The Tudors: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Tittler, Robert and Norman Jones. A Companion to Tudor Britain, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2008.

Tudor Rose

2013-01-22T22:40:12Z

Chris:

1. The Tudor Rose

The Tudor Rose is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. It represented the fusion of the Lancastrian and Yorkist noble factions. This fusion was symbolised by the white rose of York and the red rose of Lancaster. The important emblem of the Tudor dynasty marked the end of the devastating English civil war called the Wars of the Roses.

2. The Creation of the Tudor Rose

England had entered a long period of Civil war called the War of the Roses between the two most powerful noble factions of England, i.e. the House of York and the House of Lancaster. A final Lancastrian rebellion rose against the Yorkist King Richard III following the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, who were the two young sons of King Edward IV. Henry VII defeated the Yorkist leader King Richard III in the Battle of Bosworth Field and claimed the throne of England becoming King Henry VII. The Dynasty of the Tudors was born, but it was shaky claim based on an illegitimate Plantagenet line. The Lancastrian King Henry VII therefore cemented his claim by marrying Elizabeth of York, the Yorkist daughter of King Edward IV. The Houses of York and Lancaster therefore merged leading to the creation of the emblem called the Tudor Rose.

3. The Design of the Tudor Rose

The national flower of England is the rose which was adopted as England’s emblem during the time of the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). The design took the white rose of York as the center of the flower, and the red rose of Lancaster as the outside edging. The design symbolised unity and mutual regard.

4. The Tudor Rose Emblem

The Tudor Rose emblem was used as a badge, a distinctive device which is displayed as a mark of recognition by an individual or family and worn as a symbol of loyalty and allegiance. The emblem became part of the British heraldic tradition. The Tudor Rose Badge is still evident on the uniforms of the Yeomen Warders at the Tower of London.

5. Sources

Guy, John. The Tudors: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Tittler, Robert and Norman Jones: A Companion to Tudor Britain, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2008.

Tudor Rose

2013-01-22T22:39:50Z

Chris:

1. The Tudor Rose

The Tudor Rose is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. It represented the fusion of the Lancastrian and Yorkist noble factions. This fusion was symbolised by the white rose of York and the red rose of Lancaster. The important emblem of the Tudor dynasty marked the end of the devastating English civil war called the Wars of the Roses.

2. The Creation of the Tudor Rose

England had entered a long period of Civil war called the War of the Roses between the two most powerful noble factions of England, i.e. the House of York and the House of Lancaster. A final Lancastrian rebellion rose against the Yorkist King Richard III following the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, who were the two young sons of King Edward IV. Henry VII defeated the Yorkist leader King Richard III in the Battle of Bosworth Field and claimed the throne of England becoming King Henry VII. The Dynasty of the Tudors was born, but it was shaky claim based on an illegitimate Plantagenet line. The Lancastrian King Henry VII therefore cemented his claim by marrying Elizabeth of York, the Yorkist daughter of King Edward IV. The Houses of York and Lancaster therefore merged leading to the creation of the emblem called the Tudor Rose.

3. The Design of the Tudor Rose

The national flower of England is the rose which was adopted as England’s emblem during the time of the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). The design took the white rose of York as the center of the flower, and the red rose of Lancaster as the outside edging. The design symbolised unity and mutual regard.

4. The Tudor Rose Emblem

The Tudor Rose emblem was used as a badge, a distinctive device which is displayed as a mark of recognition by an individual or family and worn as a symbol of loyalty and allegiance. The emblem became part of the British heraldic tradition. The Tudor Rose Badge is still evident on the uniforms of the Yeomen Warders at the Tower of London.

5. Sources

Guy, John. The Tudors: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.

Tittler, Robert and Norman Jones: A Companion to Tudor Britain, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell Publishing, 2008.

File:The Tudor Rose (Bild).jpg

2013-01-22T22:13:34Z

Chris:

File:Tudor Rose (Bild).jpg

2013-01-22T22:08:20Z

Chris:

Tudor Rose

2013-01-22T22:04:51Z

Chris:

Tudor Rose

2013-01-22T22:04:20Z

Chris: Created page with 'The Tudor Rose 1. The Tudor Rose The Tudor Rose is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. It represented the …'

The Tudor Rose

1. The Tudor Rose

The Tudor Rose is the traditional floral heraldic emblem of England and takes its name and origins from the Tudor dynasty. It represented the fusion of the Lancastrian and Yorkist noble factions. This fusion was symbolised by the white rose of York and the red rose of Lancaster. The important emblem of the Tudor dynasty marked the end of the devastating English civil war called the Wars of the Roses.

2. The Creation of the Tudor Rose

England had entered a long period of Civil war called the War of the Roses between the two most powerful noble factions of England, i.e. the House of York and the House of Lancaster. A final Lancastrian rebellion rose against the Yorkist King Richard III following the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower, who were the two young sons of King Edward IV. Henry VII defeated the Yorkist leader King Richard III in the Battle of Bosworth Field and claimed the throne of England becoming King Henry VII. The Dynasty of the Tudors was born, but it was shaky claim based on an illegitimate Plantagenet line. The Lancastrian King Henry VII therefore cemented his claim by marrying Elizabeth of York, the Yorkist daughter of King Edward IV. The Houses of York and Lancaster therefore merged leading to the creation of the emblem called the Tudor Rose.

3. The Design of the Tudor Rose

The national flower of England is the rose which was adopted as England’s emblem during the time of the Wars of the Roses (1455-1485). The design took the white rose of York as the center of the flower, and the red rose of Lancaster as the outside edging. The design symbolised unity and mutual regard.

4. The Tudor Rose Emblem

The Tudor Rose emblem was used as a badge, a distinctive device which is displayed as a mark of recognition by an individual or family and worn as a symbol of loyalty and allegiance. The emblem became part of the British heraldic tradition. The Tudor Rose Badge is still evident on the uniforms of the Yeomen Warders at the Tower of London.